Nice thought but that is based upon an assumption that Arabic is the oldest language and it is not, Aramaic and Greek are all much older and employed similar counting systems so why it is being attributed to Arabic I have no idea.
Also I think the writer of the pdf appears mixed up between the word algorithms and the word numeral.
By definition an algorithm
While there is no generally accepted formal definition of "algorithm", an informal definition could be "an algorithm is a process that performs some sequence of operations." For some people, a program is only an algorithm if it stops eventually. For others, a program is only an algorithm if it stops before a given number of calculation steps.