I think you could be misinterpreting the photos because the connections ("F-connectors") themselves are fixed to the internal main body of the LNB and don't "extend" ! What extends is a plastic cover which can be slid down to cover the connectors after the cables has been attached - as shown in the image on the left.
That is supposed to stop water and moisture getting to the mated-pairs of LNB connector and cable connector, but probably only helps to prevent actual rainwater getting into them - and does little or nothing to stop the moisture in the air (which is "everywhere") getting in and causing internal corrosion.
In reality, if you want to prevent this sort of thing happening, you need to take further precautions other than just the slide-down cover, and if you didn't/don't then internal corrosion of the LNB connectors and likely right into the internal electronics of the LNB will almost certainly occur over a couple of /few years (if not sooner).
The generally recommended methods (and people vary on those!) are:
- in your case, replace the F-connectors on the cables as the existing ones will almost certainly already be corroded
- put some silicone (not "silicon", and definitely not silicon sealant which contains corrosive acetic acid!) grease into the male F-connector on the end of the cable before you screw it onto the female F-connector on the LNB;
- make sure the male F-connector is tightly fitted onto the female F-connector, and then tightly wrap the whole joint, right down onto the exposed cable sheath, with self-amalgamating tape (NOT normal "insulating tape"), having "pulled it hard" to stretch it and so activate the chemical reaction that causes the tape to "set" into a solid (and water/moisture resistant, if you do it right) mass.
- a combo of the above two, but if you do that, then be very careful not to get any grease on the outside of the mated pairs or else the self-amalgamating tape won't adhere to the metal connectors.
Another thing to avoid if possible is using sat cables that contain any aluminium - such as those with "copper coated aluminium" (CCA) cores or mesh screens made of aluminium - because aluminium corrodes very easily, and always have a "drip loop" in the cable before it connects to the LNB so that rainwater/moisture run the bottom of that and not onto the F-connector.